Islamic Revolution Research

Abstract Traditional social forces have always played an important role in Iran’s society and its contemporary developments, and especially during the two constitutional and Islamic Revolutionary have shown an active participation. Meanwhile, merchants are among the traditional social forces of Iranian society who played an important role in the two revolutions because of their important position in the social, economic and political spheres. The present study investigates the role of merchants in the Constitutional Revolution from the perspective of political sociology, and aims to deepen the present political knowledge by analyzing the extent and manner of influencing of this traditional social force in this socio-political conversion of contemporary Iranian history. Thus, the main question that this research seeks to answer is that what a role merchants have played as a traditional social force in the Constitutional Revolution. The findings of this research show that merchants have played an important role in the Constitutional Revolution by exploiting their economic influence, social credibility and political influence.  

Abstract The Islamic Revolution of Iran, as "the first and greatest religious revolution of the twentieth century," could led to the collapse of the theoretical and structural system at the national, regional and global levels. The Islamic Revolution of 1979, with Islamic nature and global reflections, has tried to transform itself into a trans-regional revolutionary model to become and influential environment for Muslim countries and non-Muslims ones alike. Therefore, the present study is based on the theory of dissemination, which is a theoretical model suitable for the reflection of transnational revolutions, and has asked the question “which of the Islamic countries has received the most influence from the Islamic Revolution of Iran?” The hypothesis of this study is that Afghanistan is the first country among the Islamic countries that has received the most impact from the Islamic Revolution of Iran. The results indicate that, in addition to internal factors, the interference of regional and trans-regional powers has been one of the main obstacles to the Islamic Revolution of Iran's influence in Afghanistan. Recent developments and in particular the escalation of the presence of US troops in Afghanistan, add to the veracity of this claim, and according to the writers of the article, these sabotages continue and foreigners will never stop disesteeming the Islamic Revolution’s façade in Afghanistan.      

Abstract In the wake of the victory of the Islamic Revolution, new institutions were established to realize the ideals of the Islamic Revolution. The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps is one of these institutions. So far, numerous disputes have been raised about the functions of this institution. Some, with an emphasis on the military nature of this institution, consider entering into other areas such as the cultural arena as inappropriate. In contrast, others emphasize on principles such as the 150 article of Constitution to defend its multilateral functioning to "safeguard the revolution and its achievements." In this study, to clarify the issue, we will consider the subject of the entry of the Revolutionary Guard Corps to the cultural sphere in terms of the constitution of the Islamic Republic. Based on the findings of this paper and the provision of "Quranic-narrative", "principle" and "jurisprudential" evidence, it became clear that the IRGC is a multi-purpose institution which has designed to deal with the various threats that threaten the Islamic Revolution, so has various functions including cultural functionality. Therefore, entering into a cultural arena to confront threats is one of the main missions of this institution.      

Abstract The main purpose of this study is to examine the role of the people of Chaharmahal va Bakhtiari in the victory of the Islamic Revolution. Our method of research is a qualitative-descriptive type of historical studies and the method of data collection is referring to the documents related to the revolution. In this regard, with an emphasis on the popularity of the Iranian Revolution and the effective role of leadership, ideology and religion in it, using the Torsten Hagerstrand Diffusion Theory, will investigate the ways of influencing and transferring revolutionary flows and waves to the province  and describes how the Islamic Revolution in the province has formed and the process of occurrence in the province. The results of the research indicate that the people of this province during the Islamic Revolution, using the centers of Islamic sciences and mosques in the province, which was the center of gravity of the revolution and the core of its organization, and relying on revolutionary figures and clerics who promoting revolutionary values among the people, have taken practical action, and participated actively in marches, demonstrations, and other struggles, and in their turn, played a significant role in the realization of the Islamic revolution. At the end, the tricks and activities of organizations and groups opposing the revolution, especially the modern intelligence and security organization, SAVAK, in creating an impasse in the process of revolutionary activity in the province have been investigated.  

Abstract In recent years, the discussion of the Islamic model of progress in Iran has raised a number of issues surrounding the design and development of such a model. Considering the importance of the ideas of Ayatollah Khamenei about the Islamic model of Iran's progress, the present discussion seeks to answer this fundamental question: "from the perspective of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, what factors have made the Islamic model of Iran’s progress so important?" Therefore, the main purpose of the discussion is to examine the necessity of developing the Islamic model of progression from the point of view of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. In this discussion, attempts have been made to not predict any prejudices and hypotheses. Nevertheless, the findings of the discussion, which are based on the analysis of the statements, opinions and discourse of the Supreme Leader on the Islamic model of Iran, show that: the ineffectiveness of the Western patterns of development (the one-dimensional concept, the non-religious and material nature, as well as the earthly goals and aspirations), providing a definition of indigenous and independent development (the non-compliance of the Western models and theories of development, the extraction of theoretical foundations and the methods of realizing the model from Islamic sources, the abandonment of the experiences and achievements of theories and patterns of other nations and designs tailored to the cultural and historical features of Iran) and explaining the pattern based on the indices and elements of Islam (the issue of origin, the issue of resurrection, the inseparable issue of the world and the hereafter, the human issue and the view of Islam towards man, the issue of government, the issue of justice and the immaterial view of the economy) are among the factors that made the development of the Islamic model of Iran’s progress a necessity in the perspective of Khamenei's ayatollah. K  

Abstract Today, political parties have a special place in political systems, so that play a crucial role in some modern democracies, and they sometimes determine the political destiny of societies and the public alike. In some societies, development and partisanship are tied together and without it, even social and economic development would be awkward.  In the Islamic Republic system, parties can play a fundamental role, because based on religious populism people are so principal in the Islamic state.  In this study, based on the theoretical framework of the role of the parties in the party systems, we answer the question of what is the work of the party in the Islamic system from the point of view of the Supreme Leader? What is the ratio of these subjects to the roles that are raised for parties in conventional political thought?  

Abstract Power is the basis of both traditional and public (new) diplomacy. Of course, in traditional diplomacy, the power of hardware (military and economic), and in general diplomacy, the power of software are dominant. Although diplomacy is one of the major dimensions of a country's foreign policy, it is inherently null and is considered to be more of an instrument of exploitation of power. Therefore, general diplomacy means the art of line up and exploiting the elements of the soft power of the country by state and non-state actors in order to influence and persuade foreign and non-governmental addressees. Referring to the statements of the Supreme Leader shows that the emphasis and priority of the Supreme Leader is in three areas, namely, the reference, nature and addressees of diplomacy, in its affirmative aspect - means actions that must be taken by public and domestic institutions - and in its negative aspect - resistance to the destructive actions taken by the enemy - is based on elements of soft power, which is the basis for action in public diplomacy. In line with the impact of public diplomacy, the culmination of the belief of the supreme leader has manifested in his letter to Western youth in 2013 after the events of France and bolding the Islamophobia project by the Western powers. Therefore, the research question is that "on the basis of the ideas of the Supreme Leader, who and what are the audiences and objectives of general diplomacy in the first place and how can it be strengthened?" It can be argued that audiences are categorized in a prioritized order, the Muslims of the region are at the first and the western general audiences are at the final; and the goal of general diplomacy is to promote revisionism (revolutionary discourse) among nations and in addition to having a specific plan, it should be used in the proper design, utilization of media, art and educational strategy.    

Abstract The collapse of the Soviet Union was an international and regional phenomenon, that also transformed the geopolitics of the region. This geopolitical change brought new challenges to the countries of the region. One of the most important challenges was the emergence of ethnic issues. But what most disturbed the countries of the region was the growth of ethnocentric inclusionism in the absence of a national cohesion ideology (civilized nationalism). In the wake of this anxiety, propaganda of Pan-Iranian subjects was very effective, in addition to historical experiences (in this case, especially in the events of 1944-45 in Azerbaijan and Kurdistan). The illusion of using the tool of ethnicity in relations between the two countries with the extremism of some of the nationalist elements of Azerbaijan (especially Ehlich Bage) created a psychological and distrustful obstacle that could not be easily resolved. The author argues that although from the nineties and with the rise of hidden nationalism, the idea of the unification of two Azerbaijan was rooted among some intellectuals, and in the era of Eliche Bage, the group who came to power took some policies in this regard, in the post-Ellichi Bage era, the country was trying to prevent this problem in relations between the two countries. Mentioning of these issues in the framework of risk theory of Pan-Azarism and Pan-Turkism by radical Iranian nationalist groups and its propagation by some of its governmental-political circles has prompted the Republic of Azerbaijan to address the problem of Iran’s Azerbaijan and using of it as the counter-balancing element in the relationship with Iran.    

Abstract The Islamic Revolution of Iran, as an event, is considered to be an interconnected set of factors and as a natural phenomenon of incalculable events. It is clear that extensive study of the wide dimensions of such phenomena requires extensive studies. The purpose of this article is to identify the aspects of the political studies of the Islamic Revolution in the form of the doctoral multidisciplinary field. Therefore, the main question of the present research is how has the political studies of the Islamic Revolution achieved a comprehensive understanding of the epistemic political domain of the Islamic Revolution? The research findings were based on the qualitative method of analysis and documentary studies that compiled with taking notes, show that the concept of the Islamic revolution at the intersection of the four methodological areas of; political thought of the leaders of the Islamic Revolution, the political sociology of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the future studies of the Islamic Revolution, and the reflection of the Islamic Revolution have been able to serve as a coherent model using four different methods and helped to proper understanding of the political dimension of the Islamic Revolution.      

Abstract The Strategy of Media Equipping and its necessities are among the most important strategies to deal with the dilemma of political corruption in countries with popular systems. The hypothesis is that people who are aware of influential government issues will have better monitoring and control over the behavior of political agents, and committing corruption will be harder and the media will be at the forefront of this general awareness. The main question is, what are the principles and requirements for equipping the media community in Iran to effectively deal with the phenomenon of corruption? The research suggests that the main reason for political corruption is public unawareness of the high cost of it and the methods of dealing with corruption, so it propose entering of the media as the main device of awaking about this phenomenon and its implications and with a comprehensive plan of requirements that can empower the media community in this regard, it seeks to realize its innovative goal, which is a full, professional, and professional presentation of these matters. Nine requirements, such as: the independence of the media, which requires legal protections of the media community; a specialization that seeks to better discover and disclose corruption as a complex phenomenon and help to formulate massive strategies to combat this dangers; and the proper financing of the media that promotes the free expression of their views and not cooperating with the gangs of corruption. The requirements that each in their turn contribute to the promotion and better vim of this strategy.