Islamic Revolution Research

Abstract Since the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty in 1949, six strategic concepts  for NATO's transformation have emerged as one of the most active actors in  the global geopolitics, from which the third strategic concept of the post-Cold
War is the "active partnership, modern defense". The first NATO post-Cold  War strategic concept was published at the Rome Summit in November 1991, and the second one in the Washington Summit in April 1999, which was
updated on the fiftieth anniversary of the Treaty of Rome. The third strategic concept of NATO is the main theme of the present paper, and the author using the theoretical framework of the syllogism of NATO's new strategic concept,
tries to answer the original question “what is the new NATO approach to political Islam over the past decade?’ Using the content analysis method and library resources tools, the main hypothesis of the paper is that "NATO's
geopolitical approach to security is reflected in its military, political and social dimensions in the form of a distinction between "self" and "other" and therefore the political Islam has developed from the Islamic Revolution of Iran
as a geopolitical challenge to it and has been identified as an ideological rival for the rule of NATO's liberal democratic values over the past decade, and NATO's new strategic concept seeks to control it." The findings of this article
showed that the Islamic Revolution of Iran as a major political and social development with the establishment of the Islamic political system based on genuine Islamic values and Shi'ism in the age of hegemony of Western values
in the world's geopolitics was able to highlight the discourse of political Islam, revival the identity of political Islam and the empowerment of political Islam at the national and international levels so many believe that the continuation
of the changes that took place after the Islamic Revolution of Iran, which led to the beginning of the process of changing the balance of global geometry of power, including the growth of trends in political Islam, the wave of popular protests against Western values, Islamic awakening and ... are influenced by revolutionary spirit of the Shi'a political Islam culture.
 

Abstract Recent developments in the Middle East, called Islamic Awakening, have led Syria to a full-blown civil war. The internal characteristics of Syria, especially the ethnic and religious fabric, geostrategic position and regional and international competitions have led it to become the centerpiece of the Middle East crisis. The main questions in this study are based on which are the regional and global powers influential in the Syrian crisis and what goals are pursued in this country? Also, what is the best framework for analysis of the national interests of Iran, as one of the main actors in the developments in Syria?
The method of research in this study is descriptive-analytic and to explain the subject, it has combined the two theories of the "soft balance" of Kenneth Waltz and the "monopolar-multipolar international system" by Samuel Huntington. The research findings suggest that the US, Russia, Turkey, and U Iran are the  major actors in the internal developments in Syria, which pursue a combination of different geopolitical, strategic, and ideological goals in Syria. The rivalries and conflicts of interests of the global and regional powers have intensified and continued the Syrian crisis and deprived the people of their right to self-determination. Among the activists, Iran is the only country whose national interests in Syria have Janus characteristics and simultaneously influenced by realistic and idealistic or revolutionary components.
 
 

Abstract Investigating on the personality dimensions of political leaders who have contributed to the huge changes in history and international equations and the creation of a political system reinforces the hypothesis that a multidimensional study of their personality and behavioral patterns would led us to significant results in the closeness of the causes and factors of the roots of the progress of that personality or system, while it plays a significant role in the dynamics of the intellectual and political backgrounds of the systems, which can be used to strengthen the work of the system. Imam Khomeini is the founder of a new political system in Iran, as well as a prominent Shi'i jurisprudent who has deep philosophical, mystical and political ideas, which has formed the formation of an Islamic revolution. Therefore, the reconnaissance of Imam Khomeini's personality dimensions by analyzing and emphasizing of his insights and the secretary and behavior of his personality, will help us more accurately understand his thoughts, and also can demonstrate the frame and structure the development of this system, which will be presented as a model for the effectiveness of political systems, especially the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this regard, in following the ideas of Imam Khomeini, we will use the views of the Supreme Leader as the leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the interpreter of Imam Khomeini's thoughts and opinions. This research will answer these questions by analytical and descriptive method: what are the coordinates of insight, secretary and behavior of Imam Khomeini and how does it affect the progress of the Islamic Republic? What does the necessity of revising the personality dimensions of Imam Khomeini influence Iran's stimulus and authority at national and international levels and what is its role in building Islamic civilization? Based on research findings, the progression of the Islamic Revolution of Iran as a variable has been influenced by the dimensions of his vision, manner and behavior.
 

Abstract It was once thought that only a country could appear in the international arena that is dependent on one of the world powers, otherwise it will be digested in global relations and equations. But the advent of the Islamic Revolution in Iran turned against such an approach and incited the internal construction of power and reliance on internal capacities and forces play the most important role in political literature. The present research is descriptive-analytic in order to explain the principles and strategic requirements of the strength of the internal construction of the power of the system, which will answer the fundamental question that “from the view point of Imam Khamenei, what is the firmness of the internal construction of power and what are its strategic requirements?” The overall result of this study is that the intrinsic construction of the power of the system is based on principles such as: human dignity, justice and equality, kindness and affection, the sharing of people in the affairs of society, and the adoption of strategies such as strengthening faith and spirituality, deepening insight, enhancement of capabilities and defense readiness, recognition of the enemy, resistance economy and scientific and technological jihad.

Abstract Future study is a postmodernist ontology and the uncertainty is its governing principle. The goal of future study is not to "predict" but "to take attention to". The future study is a study of the future and simultaneously, considers the three “possible”, “probable” and “desirable” future (preferable). By dividing the revolutionary
studies into three categories of revolutionary philosophy, theories of revolution and the results of revolution, the present study is in the field of studies of the results of revolutions and strives to study the
future of the Islamic revolution of Iran using the techniques of future studies. Accordingly, in this research, using the scenario planning - which is considered as one of the most important methods of future
studies – we are trying to predict the possible and probable future prospects of the Islamic Revolution of Iran and will review which one of them will be appear. In this regard, considering the existing and influential social forces in the field of politics in Iran, three scenarios are "transformation of revolution", "overthrow of revolution" and "progress and advancement of revolution".

Abstract Islamic Republic’s foreign policy has been based on the principles and values of Islam – Shi’ites, and over the past three decades, this pattern has maintained a process along with change and continuity. On the one hand, the principles,
orientations and basic goals of foreign policy have remained relatively stable and sustained, and on the other hand, objective and subjective changes in the tripartite domestic, foreign and psychology requires tactical and instrumental adaptation. Therefore, this research has been conducted with the aim of investigating the foreign policy approach of post-war defense states (between the years of 1989 to 2013), with the centerpiece of the values and norms of the Islamic Republic in three dimensions of anti-imperialism, dignity and Islamic convergence. The research method in this
paper is quantitative-quantitative. The statistical population of this research includes university professors and the use of interviews with foreign policy agents in different periods. In identifying the components, the final questionnaire was used to collect their views. After designing a native questionnaire, content validity was evaluated using experts' opinions and after several stages of the final version of the questionnaire, the questionnaire was distributed. Also, the Cranach’s alpha value was calculated by SPSS software to verify the reliability of the research and for all
variables it was somewhat higher than 0.7, indicating the validity of the questionnaire and the appropriate intellectual perception of the respondents of the content of the variables related to each construct. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics including ANOVA test, Bonferoni post hoc test and t-test were used. The results of the study indicated a significant difference between the government's versatility in the index of irrigation and Islamic convergence, and the lack of significant difference in the index of dignity-making among governments.
 

Abstract The category of culture has many meanings and wide variety of applications. For why of the complexity of culture, we can say that culture is not a coherent category, but consists of several elements, meanwhile, it maintains its cohesion and forms as an inseparable and dynamic whole, and over time different individuals with different specializations and approaches (both material and spiritual), have expressed for it various definitions and concepts. This complex and multidimensional subject with a high scientific value, which is in the midst of ambiguity, can have influences as a set
of shared beliefs and values on the behavior and thought of members of a community and can act a starting point for movement and dynamism or a barrier to progress. The topic of culture is one of the most important and contemporary concerns of all human societies and all of them are concerned about their cultural future. The Islamic Republic of Iran is one of the countries that, given its diverse ideology of Western hegemony and the danger of cultural transformation from within, is seriously concerned about this, and among those who have a strong emphasis in this area, is
the Supreme Leader. He has an extraordinary importance to the category of culture and knows it as an introduction to the rise and development of the country. In expressing the importance of culture in the leadership idea, it is enough to say that he reflects that “I am willing to sacrifice my life for the cause of culture”. In this paper, the point of view of the Supreme Leader will be searched on the recognition of the structure and significance of the category of culture, the functions of culture, the damage that our culture now faces and the ways out of these injuries from.
 

Abstract Election ethics is a type of political ethics and subcategory of applied ethics. Applying it, it can guide the community towards choosing the best. Elections in democratic systems legitimize the organization, content and political behavior of
society. Ethical elections are one of the most obvious manifestations of moral policy, and moral policy is the culmination of many values and virtues of social ethics. In this research, we have used an analytical method based on ethical charter, on the legitimacy of the role of the people's vote in the Islamic government and its legitimacy, verses, narrations, reason of wisdom, constitution and essential rights books. Our research indicates that there is no contradiction between the
implementation of the rules of the law and the rational demands of the people, and since the power seat in the divine system is for service, it should not be used by whatever means to achieve it. Since there are several challenges faced by the people involved in the election, and more than thirty moral punishment slippage them, the
rights of the electoral ethics of different countries will be introduced in the seven clauses and in the holy system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, in the form of fourteen articles and twenty clauses.

Abstract Iran's nuclear deal in the summer of 2015, which, in exchange for the abolition of nuclear sanctions, led to a limitation of Iran's nuclear program in the medium term, raised important questions about the direction of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic. This article seeks to answer the question of whether this agreement has
pushed Iran toward more compelling peaceful foreign policy or not? The study of the behavior and performance of Iran's foreign policy shows that Iran, following a nuclear deal, moves to offset these constraints in two security and identity areas in for leaving some of the key dimensions of the nuclear program. In the context of identity, after a nuclear deal, parallel to the emphasis on issues such as "advancement", "self-confidence" and "scientific independence", we are witnessing the continued insistence on nuclear research and development. In the security sector,
there has been a significant increase in defense spending to extending the geopolitical scope of security measures and speeding up the missile program, as well as some unprecedented security approaches such as permitting the use of Noghe Air Base to Russia, or multilateral military presence abroad which indicates the seriousness of Iran's move to compensatory policies.

Abstract In foreign policy, governments often choose their strategies according to national interests, their domestic needs, geographic location, geopolitics, and structure and performance of the international system. Iran, given to its sensitive position in global geography, has always led to rivaling among great powers to dominate it. This paper
tries to answer the question of why the Pahlavi-era diplomacy apparatus was plagued by a coalition of great powers at the time of World War II, and great powers agreed on the collapse of the Pahlavi government. This paper, by use of the theoretical framework of structural realism, seeks to confirm the hypothesis that the lack of a strategy in foreign and domestic relations and the governing structure of international relations has led to the failure of the Iran’s diplomacy and at the same time, coalition of great powers, which in the Second World War has not served to preserve national interests in the international arena.