Islamic Revolution Research

Abstract The model of good governance is defined as the process of formulating and implementing policies in various fields with the participation of the government, civil society and the private sector, so that while meeting the basic needs of society, it leads to justice and security and sustainable development of human resources and environment. . Using a descriptive-analytical method, while analyzing the model of good governance based on the World Bank indicators and its critique, this article seeks the main question of how the indicators of Islamic and jihadi governance based on Nahjul Balagha and the principles of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran Is? The results show a pattern of good governance based on the principles of liberal and out of developed societies representing political affiliation or ideological certain that its application in other communities in the form of external and imposed without regard to the social structure, economy, culture and values The native wanted خwould not be. Islamic governance is a form of government based on religious democracy, and what makes the Islamic Republic of Iran different from other countries in the world today is the system's efforts to achieve pure Islam in various areas of individual and social life and to move around Islam. The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran provides a new style of government and governance within the framework of divine and Islamic laws, which includes the goals, policies and governance indicators of the system, including; Accountability and the right to vote and to speak for the people, the rule of law, the quality of laws and regulations, efficiency and effectiveness, the fight against corruption and political stability, and the absence of violence are evident and prevalent

Abstract The development of the student movement as a driver social activities is one of the important concerns of the Islamic Republic today, but the decline in student movement indicators in Iran indicates the high importance of the need for thinking and action to develop it and the model needs social analysis of the student movement after It is the Islamic Revolution that expresses how and why. According to the dimensions mentioned for the student movement in the existing literature are one of the most important elements of the structures that affect the movement and the important point about the structures is the relationship of governments and intellectuals with movement. Student movement analysis has not been considered. This study seeks to find a framework for student movement analysis in universities. The research is qualitative and uses the data theory theory method with an emerging approach to formulate a framework for student movement development based on the relationship between governments and Intellectuals are with the movement. Data collection is through semi-structured interviews with a group of secretaries of student unions and organizations and activists of the student movement from the beginning of the revolution until now, and during the interview with 15 people, theoretical saturation was obtained. The final framework of the research includes two models of diagnosis and determination of student movement decline and development of student movement. In the model diagnosis, there are three main categories of causes of movement weakness and signs of student movement index decline and negative consequences There are also 5 main categories in the development pattern the student movement, including reinforcing natures, pivotal phenomena, strategies, and consequences.

Abstract Iran has always played a major role in US economic and cultural foreign policy programs, which could be due to Iran's proximity to the Soviet Union, its vast oil resources, its special strategic position in the Middle East and the Persian Gulf, and other factors. The scientific purpose of this study is to investigate the stages of American cultural influence and domination over Iran from the coup d'etat of August 19 to the victory of the Islamic Revolution. In the years after World War I, until Reza Shah came to power, the eyes of many Iranian officials were fixed on the United States, while American cultural activities in Iran were more or less continuous. After World War II, American cultural influence and domination manifested itself on a large scale in the foreign policy of the Middle East, especially Iran. In fact, Americans after World War II believed that investing in education was an important source of production that could pave the way for economic growth and reconstruction. The establishment and strengthening of institutions active in the global arena, such as the United States Agency for International Development, the Marshall Plan, the Peace Corps, Principle Four, the Fulbright Commission, etc., all provided extensive programs to transform the educational and administrative structure. The present study serves as an explanation of the historical issues of the stages of US influence and domination in Iran and it is important to better understand the roots of the hostility between Iran and the United States. Therefore, the study of the stages of American influence and domination over Iran from the coup d'etat of August 19, 1943 to the victory of the Islamic Revolution, which in the practical dimension helps to analyze the current and low-level relations between Iran and the United States

Abstract Different approaches have been presented about Iranian political culture. Iranian elites' perceptions of the characteristics of Iranian political culture are linked to environmental and normative realities. Indicators of political culture are considered as the requirements of policy-making and strategic planning in the cultural policies of countries, so counting and explaining the indicators of cultural and political indicators in the Islamic Republic of Iran can provide the need for macro and micro policies in the country. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to identify and enumerate the characteristics of Iranian political culture in the middle dimension and in the system of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Methodology in this research is the combination of (quantitative - qualitative). The population consisted of54 professors and political pundits of Political science departments of public and Azad universities in Tehran and Alborz. In this research, sampling method was done purposefully and quite improbable. The data collection instruments have been formed of researcher made questionnaire with propositions derived from a literature review and Delphi interviews of experts. Questionnaire validity is confirmed as face and content, and its reliability was emphasized by experts through Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was conducted through descriptive and inferential statistics and Q factor analysis.
The results showed that with the votes of the majority of experts, the role of government intervention and ownership can be considered as one of the priorities of the political culture of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the middle dimension
This research has played the best small step in explaining the pattern of political culture in Iran.

Abstract From the point of view of Imam Khamenei as an Islamic thinker and thinker, the Islamic government has its own way of governing the society and it is not such that it can achieve its goals by using Western methods. The reason for this is that the methods are valuable in religious democracy. This approach, while opposed to Western democracy, also contradicts tyranny and dictatorship. Imam Khamenei, therefore, has emphasized this new and innovative method, which has been interpreted as religious democracy, as a new, innovative and innovative method that can be used in the analysis of current political systems. Take note. On the other hand, individualism is one of the undeniable features of Western thought. So the foundations of Western democracy, and even the best of them, such as participatory democracy, are either in practice or inapplicable or, in many cases, facing paradigmatic challenges, in the face of Islam being a holistic worldview. The researchers found in this descriptive and analytical study that Islamic thinking is fundamentally different from Western thinking and that these differences are at the fundamental epistemic levels, which are at the core of the subject of these two thinking and that of religious democracy. They are fundamentally at odds with participatory democracy. Therefore, the main issue of this research is to introduce and identify two theories of religious democracy according to the political ideas of Imam Khamenei and participatory democracy with regard to the existing ideas in Western schools as well as introducing obstacles to democracy.

Abstract The inclusion of the rule of maintaining order in preserving the unity of Islam is one of the precepts of Imami jurisprudence. In the meantime, the Imam has not only considered the preservation of the political system of the Islamic government within the realm of the preservation of the unity of Islam, but has also relied on the rule of preservation of the system in support of economic independence. The purpose of this study is to explain in the first step why the rule of maintaining order from preserving the unity of Islam to maintaining the political system of the Islamic government and in the second step, to determine the justification for applying the rule of maintaining political order in supporting economic independence from Imam's perspective. The results of this research are based on the fact that Imam, in addition to presenting rational-theological arguments in the light of the principles of expediency, the necessity of the obligatory introduction, and the presentation of the important over the important, have entered the concept of maintaining the political system of the Islamic government. On the other hand, the jurisprudential rules of denying the mustache, the sanctity of strengthening the infidels and the harmless can be used as justification bases for applying the rule of maintaining order .

Abstract The "revolutionary system" theory, known as the focal point of the strategic statement of the second step of the Islamic Revolution, is a theory that establishes a theoretical and operational link between revolutionary boiling and political order and can be an alternative to the theory of "good governance" in Islamic society. In this article, an attempt has been made to use Quantin Skinner's contextualist and intentional hermeneutic approach and to use Delphi's method, while specifying the intellectual backgrounds and ontological and anthropological foundations of Ayatollah Khamenei's (Modzaleh) thoughts, considering the three components of intention. The social context and the linguistic context of the author, the main features of the theory of the revolutionary system should be extracted and introduced in his thoughts. The method of data collection in this article is a qualitative method of documentary analysis and instrumentation, reading and fisheries. In the end, after extracting the main principles of the "revolutionary system" theory, it is concluded that the revolutionary system is a military system with dual bases of legitimizing the people and God, which is formed within the framework of religious values ​​and free will of the people. At the same time, it has always paid attention and emphasized, and its goal is to achieve a great Islamic civilization as the ultimate goal of the Islamic Revolution, and it has nineteen main indicators.

Abstract Nigeria, as one of the most important African continent, has been the founder of the Shia religion and the Ahlul-Bayt school in the West African region in recent decades, and now, the Nigerian multi-million population has turned the country into one of Shia's centers. Signs indicate that in 1979, with the victory of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, Shi'a found a growing trend in Nigeria. This article aims to examine the role and influence of the Islamic Revolution of Iran on the development and expansion of the Shi'i religion in Nigeria using the descriptive-analytical method.
Research findings show that the Islamic Revolution of Iran, along with the awakening and self-awareness of Muslims in Nigeria, accelerated the trend towards Shi'ism, and made Shiites a Nigerian minority from a very limited minority to active multi-million populations. In addition to the cultural actions of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the underlying activities of Shaikh Ibrahim Zekasaki, the leader of the Shiites of Nigeria influenced by Imam Khomeini and the Islamic Revolution, are the most important factor in the spread of Shi'ism in Nigeria. Inspired by Imam Khomeini, the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution of Iran, and in the light of his eternal efforts, he familiarized the Sunni community with the Shi'a beliefs, and the Muslims, by adapting the teachings of this religion to the Qur'an and hadith books, They turned to Shi'a.

Abstract Islamic Republic of Iran has experienced different periods and distinct aspects during the last four decades. Following the change of each head of government, the Islamic Republic has faced a fundamental change in its macro-policies in which has fueled the perception of substantial changes in the Islamic Republic. From this perspective, understanding the logic of the political developments of the Islamic Republic has been a dilemma, and the question is that: what analytical pattern governs the developments of the Islamic Republic and how can all its ups and downs be Explained under one heading and within the framework of a political system?

It seems that with emphsizing on the historical experience of Iran and the performance of the Islamic Republic of Iran, the political developments of the Islamic republic, and the ups and downs of these four decades can be analyzed and placed under one framework.

From this point of view, the political developments of the Islamic Republic, reffers to the sociology of developments in contemporary Iran and also to the nature of the Islamic Republic. The Islamic Republic, in addition, is a direct product of a social revolution. In fact, the Islamic Republic is not a completely new and unique phenomenon, and based on its historical experience, there are rules for understanding its political developments.



Keywords: Voting Patterns, Rules of Understanding, Political Developments, Islamic Republic of Iran, Election

Abstract In the first years of the victory of the Islamic Revolution and during the presidencies of Abolhassan Bani Sadr and Mohammad Ali Rajaei, the political pulse of the country intensified and weakened, and events took place in the society that astonished and surprised everyone. The purpose of this article is to examine the situation of political participation in the first and second rounds of the presidential elections. The main question is, what factors have influenced the political participation in the first and second presidential elections? Norris' theoretical model has been used as a theoretical framework. Findings and results of the study indicate that among the influential factors studied in political participation, the unrest of the early revolution, Bani Sadr's views on various political, economic, cultural issues and stance against the United States and his good fortune in spontaneously eliminating the main competitors more effective had. Among the influential factors in the political participation of the second presidential election, Mohammad Ali Rajaee's campaign history before and his performance in post-revolutionary responsibilities, his views on various issues and his personal characteristics such as simplicity, legalism and justice have been central

Abstract The present article seeks to answer the question of how can the political policy of Imam Khomeini be institutionalized in the field of foreign policy? To answer this question, document analysis method, which is a variety of qualitative methods, has been used; In this way, existing documents, including books, articles, and so on so, have been investigated and discussed on how to institutionalize the political policy of Imam Khomeini in the field of foreign policy. The purpose of this article is to familiarize the new generation, the owners of power, governors, brokers and society with the method of applying the policy of Imam's foreign policy and stabilizing it in the political system. The findings of the research indicate that by comprehensive independence, the consolidation and development of national power, the divine duty, the implementation of the constitution, the supervision and control of the administrators, having foreign relations based on islamic basics and the use of the realistic idealist model, Imam's policy in the field of foreign policy can be institutionalized.

Abstract The constitution is the highest legal document of a country and a guide to other laws. The constitution defines the political principles, structure, hierarchy, position, and limits of the political power of a state, and determines and guarantees the rights of its citizens. No law should contradict the constitution. In other words, the constitution is the law that determines the ruling system, a law that determines where power is concentrated, what is the relationship of this ruling power with the freedoms and rights of the people of the nation, and what are these ruling powers including the executive, legislative and judiciary They have powers and responsibilities towards the nation. In fact, the constitution is the product of constitutionalism, and constitutionalism is nothing but the expression of the limited authority of the rulers. For this reason, the interpretation of the constitution itself is a very important issue that should be left to the appropriate institution and authority. According to the constitution, the interpretation of the constitution is left to the Guardian Council, which is done by a three-fourths majority of the council members. The review of the Guardian Council's methods in the form of analytical research indicates that the Guardian Council's interpretive procedure is based on jurisprudential teachings. And the Shari'a and the establishment of the system based on the precepts of Islam, relying on legal words and phrases with explicit reference to the original intention of the founding members, is a follow-up approach, but in cases where relying solely on the text of the law or the intention of the legislator, The necessity of providing public interests and the ideal goals of the country has also benefited from other methods of interpretation.

Abstract The concept of national interests is one of the key concepts in designing the foreign policy of countries. In the constructivist perspective, national interests are influenced by norms, ideals, and national identity and, unlike the traditional realist approach, do not break with the value system of political actors. This study examines the relationship between national identity and national interests in Ayatollah Khamenei's intellectual system in the framework of constructivism and considering the position of leadership in the macro policy of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The method of this research is to analyze the content of Ayatollah Khamenei's statements regarding the relationship between national identity and national interests. Ayatollah Khamenei considers the identity of the Iranian nation to consist of Islamic identity, revolutionary identity and Iranian identity. In this study, based on the comparison of the aforementioned identities, the three identities were examined in three dimensions: cultural interests, political interests and economic interests, and it was concluded that the national interests of the Islamic Republic of Iran derive from the national identity of the Iranian nation. And in all three levels, it has a real relationship with three levels of interests, and in Ayatollah Khamenei's intellectual system, national interests come from the Iranian, Islamic and revolutionary layers. In Ayatollah Khamenei's view, the three national identities provide cultural independence, increased political deterrence, security, and increased national wealth.