The problem of this research is why the challenge between Iran and America continues by using the approach of critical thinking and layered analysis of causes and tried to answer the questions that the challenge between Iran and America has layers and what factors in each layer have influenced this challenge. And how can these challenges be managed or reduced in each layer?
The study method is a combined method including descriptive methods and theme analysis and inferential method which have been used to explain the causes in different layers respectively. The findings of this research show that the causes of the challenge between Iran and the United States are rooted in the actions and policies of the parties on the one hand and on the other hand in the visible and visible level. In the second layer, the objective causes affecting the challenge (such as the interests of the parties or other actors in this challenge or the components of power) or mental causes such as (mental images of each other) are important and in the third level this challenge is influenced by two types of discourse and The different world view of America and Iran means trying to realize the great American dream in the world and the ideal of independence and confronting hegemony on the part of Iran, and finally, at the deepest level, the causes of two important myths, namely American exceptionalism and Iran's revolutionary mission, play an important role in the continuation of this challenge. It is possible to provide strategies to reduce, manage or solve challenges according to each layer.