Problem Statement: The realization of equality has been among the objectives of all divine prophets, intellectual schools, and religious leaders. Many contemporary social, sociological, and political actions are centered around the concept of equality.
Research Objective: The aim of this study is to conduct a thematic analysis of the concept of equality within the intellectual framework of Ayatollah Khamenei in the context of the system of religious democracy.
Methodology: To achieve this objective, the statements and speeches of the Supreme Leader were examined using the method of thematic analysis. By reviewing relevant speeches, texts, and notes related to the subject from his perspective, 42 basic themes were initially identified. These were then carefully categorized into 13 organizing themes, and finally overarching themes were extracted and clarified.
Key Findings:The most significant findings of the research include: equality in Islamic governance; equality of opportunities and facilities; equality before the law; equality among nations; racial equality; rejection of the Western notion of gender equality; and critique of Western claims of equality. The analysis of findings indicates that, in Ayatollah Khamenei’s thought, equality holds great significance. From his perspective, equality is distinct from justice. He maintains that equality exists within the system of the Islamic Republic, whereas genuine equality does not exist in Western societies, particularly in the United States, despite their claims to the contrary.